1260 lines
47 KiB
Go
1260 lines
47 KiB
Go
//go:generate gen/docstring.sh
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//go:generate gen/man.sh
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/*
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lf is a terminal file manager.
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Source code can be found in the repository at https://github.com/gokcehan/lf.
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This documentation can either be read from terminal using 'lf -doc' or online
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at https://godoc.org/github.com/gokcehan/lf. You can also use 'doc' command
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(default '<f-1>') inside lf to view the documentation in a pager.
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You can run 'lf -help' to see descriptions of command line options.
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Quick Reference
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The following commands are provided by lf:
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quit (default 'q')
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up (default 'k' and '<up>')
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half-up (default '<c-u>')
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page-up (default '<c-b>' and '<pgup>')
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down (default 'j' and '<down>')
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half-down (default '<c-d>')
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page-down (default '<c-f>' and '<pgdn>')
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updir (default 'h' and '<left>')
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open (default 'l' and '<right>')
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top (default 'gg' and '<home>')
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bottom (default 'G' and '<end>')
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toggle
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invert (default 'v')
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unselect (default 'u')
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glob-select
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glob-unselect
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copy (default 'y')
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cut (default 'd')
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paste (default 'p')
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clear (default 'c')
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sync
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draw
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redraw (default '<c-l>')
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load
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reload (default '<c-r>')
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echo
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echomsg
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echoerr
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cd
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select
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delete (modal)
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rename (modal) (default 'r')
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source
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push
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read (modal) (default ':')
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shell (modal) (default '$')
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shell-pipe (modal) (default '%')
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shell-wait (modal) (default '!')
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shell-async (modal) (default '&')
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find (modal) (default 'f')
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find-back (modal) (default 'F')
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find-next (default ';')
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find-prev (default ',')
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search (modal) (default '/')
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search-back (modal) (default '?')
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search-next (default 'n')
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search-prev (default 'N')
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mark-save (modal) (default 'm')
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mark-load (modal) (default "'")
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mark-remove (modal) (default `"`)
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The following command line commands are provided by lf:
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cmd-escape (default '<esc>')
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cmd-complete (default '<tab>')
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cmd-enter (default '<c-j>' and '<enter>')
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cmd-interrupt (default '<c-c>')
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cmd-history-next (default '<c-n>')
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cmd-history-prev (default '<c-p>')
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cmd-left (default '<c-b>' and '<left>')
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cmd-right (default '<c-f>' and '<right>')
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cmd-home (default '<c-a>' and '<home>')
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cmd-end (default '<c-e>' and '<end>')
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cmd-delete (default '<c-d>' and '<delete>')
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cmd-delete-back (default '<backspace>' and '<backspace2>')
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cmd-delete-home (default '<c-u>')
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cmd-delete-end (default '<c-k>')
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cmd-delete-unix-word (default '<c-w>')
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cmd-yank (default '<c-y>')
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cmd-transpose (default '<c-t>')
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cmd-transpose-word (default '<a-t>')
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cmd-word (default '<a-f>')
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cmd-word-back (default '<a-b>')
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cmd-delete-word (default '<a-d>')
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cmd-capitalize-word (default '<a-c>')
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cmd-uppercase-word (default '<a-u>')
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cmd-lowercase-word (default '<a-l>')
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The following options can be used to customize the behavior of lf:
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anchorfind bool (default on)
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dircounts bool (default off)
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dirfirst bool (default on)
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drawbox bool (default off)
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errorfmt string (default "\033[7;31;47m%s\033[0m")
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filesep string (default "\n")
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findlen int (default 1)
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globsearch bool (default off)
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hidden bool (default off)
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hiddenfiles []string (default '.*')
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icons bool (default off)
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ifs string (default '')
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ignorecase bool (default on)
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ignoredia bool (default off)
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incsearch bool (default off)
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info []string (default '')
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number bool (default off)
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period int (default 0)
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preview bool (default on)
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previewer string (default '')
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promptfmt string (default "\033[32;1m%u@%h\033[0m:\033[34;1m%w/\033[0m\033[1m%f\033[0m")
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ratios []int (default '1:2:3')
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relativenumber bool (default off)
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reverse bool (default off)
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scrolloff int (default 0)
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shell string (default 'sh' for unix and 'cmd' for windows)
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shellopts []string (default '')
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smartcase bool (default on)
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smartdia bool (default off)
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sortby string (default 'natural')
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tabstop int (default 8)
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timefmt string (default 'Mon Jan _2 15:04:05 2006')
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truncatechar string (default '~')
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wrapscan bool (default on)
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wrapscroll bool (default off)
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The following environment variables are exported for shell commands:
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f
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fs
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fx
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id
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LF_LEVEL
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OPENER
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EDITOR
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PAGER
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SHELL
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The following commands/keybindings are provided by default:
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unix windows
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cmd open &$OPENER "$f" cmd open &%OPENER% %f%
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map e $$EDITOR "$f" map e $%EDITOR% %f%
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map i $$PAGER "$f" map i !%PAGER% %f%
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map w $$SHELL map w $%SHELL%
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The following additional keybindings are provided by default:
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map zh set hidden!
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map zr set reverse!
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map zn set info
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map zs set info size
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map zt set info time
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map za set info size:time
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map sn :set sortby natural; set info
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map ss :set sortby size; set info size
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map st :set sortby time; set info time
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map sa :set sortby atime; set info atime
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map sc :set sortby ctime; set info ctime
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map se :set sortby ext; set info
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map gh cd ~
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map <space> :toggle; down
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Configuration
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Configuration files should be located at:
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os system-wide user-specific
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unix /etc/lf/lfrc ~/.config/lf/lfrc
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windows C:\ProgramData\lf\lfrc C:\Users\<user>\AppData\Local\lf\lfrc
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Marks file should be located at:
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unix ~/.local/share/lf/marks
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windows C:\Users\<user>\AppData\Local\lf\marks
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History file should be located at:
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unix ~/.local/share/lf/history
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windows C:\Users\<user>\AppData\Local\lf\history
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You can configure the default values of following variables to change these
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locations:
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$XDG_CONFIG_HOME ~/.config
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$XDG_DATA_HOME ~/.local/share
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%ProgramData% C:\ProgramData
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%LOCALAPPDATA% C:\Users\<user>\AppData\Local
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A sample configuration file can be found at
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https://github.com/gokcehan/lf/blob/master/etc/lfrc.example.
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Commands
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This section shows information about builtin commands.
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Modal commands do not take any arguments, but instead change the operation mode to read their input conveniently, and so they are meant to be assigned to keybindings.
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quit (default 'q')
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Quit lf and return to the shell.
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up (default 'k' and '<up>')
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half-up (default '<c-u>')
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page-up (default '<c-b>' and '<pgup>')
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down (default 'j' and '<down>')
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half-down (default '<c-d>')
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page-down (default '<c-f>' and '<pgdn>')
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Move the current file selection upwards/downwards by one/half a page/full page.
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updir (default 'h' and '<left>')
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Change the current working directory to the parent directory.
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open (default 'l' and '<right>')
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If the current file is a directory, then change the current directory to it, otherwise, execute the 'open' command.
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A default 'open' command is provided to call the default system opener asynchronously with the current file as the argument.
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A custom 'open' command can be defined to override this default.
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(See also 'OPENER' variable and 'Opening Files' section)
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top (default 'gg' and '<home>')
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bottom (default 'G' and '<end>')
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Move the current file selection to the top/bottom of the directory.
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toggle
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Toggle the selection of the current file or files given as arguments.
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invert (default 'v')
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Reverse the selection of all files in the current directory (i.e. 'toggle' all files).
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Selections in other directories are not effected by this command.
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You can define a new command to select all files in the directory by combining 'invert' with 'unselect' (i.e. `cmd select-all :unselect; invert`), though this will also remove selections in other directories.
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unselect (default 'u')
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Remove the selection of all files in all directories.
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glob-select
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Select files that match the given glob.
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glob-unselect
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Unselect files that match the given glob.
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copy (default 'y')
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If there are no selections, save the path of the current file to the copy buffer, otherwise, copy the paths of selected files.
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cut (default 'd')
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If there are no selections, save the path of the current file to the cut buffer, otherwise, copy the paths of selected files.
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paste (default 'p')
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Copy/Move files in copy/cut buffer to the current working directory.
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clear (default 'c')
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Clear file paths in copy/cut buffer.
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sync
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Synchronize copied/cut files with server.
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This command is automatically called when required.
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draw
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Draw the screen.
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This command is automatically called when required.
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redraw (default '<c-l>')
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Synchronize the terminal and redraw the screen.
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load
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Load modified files and directories.
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This command is automatically called when required.
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reload (default '<c-r>')
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Flush the cache and reload all files and directories.
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echo
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Print given arguments to the message line at the bottom.
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echomsg
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Print given arguments to the message line at the bottom and also to the log file.
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echoerr
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Print given arguments to the message line at the bottom in red color and also to the log file.
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cd
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Change the working directory to the given argument.
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select
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Change the current file selection to the given argument.
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delete (modal)
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Remove the current file or selected file(s).
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rename (modal) (default 'r')
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Rename the current file using the builtin method.
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A custom 'rename' command can be defined to override this default.
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source
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Read the configuration file given in the argument.
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push
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Simulate key pushes given in the argument.
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read (modal) (default ':')
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Read a command to evaluate.
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shell (modal) (default '$')
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Read a shell command to execute.
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(See also 'Prefixes' and 'Shell Commands' sections)
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shell-pipe (modal) (default '%')
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Read a shell command to execute piping its standard I/O to the bottom statline.
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(See also 'Prefixes' and 'Piping Shell Commands' sections)
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shell-wait (modal) (default '!')
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Read a shell command to execute and wait for a key press in the end.
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(See also 'Prefixes' and 'Waiting Shell Commands' sections)
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shell-async (modal) (default '&')
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Read a shell command to execute synchronously without standard I/O.
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find (modal) (default 'f')
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find-back (modal) (default 'F')
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find-next (default ';')
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find-prev (default ',')
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Read key(s) to find the appropriate file name match in the forward/backward direction and jump to the next/previous match.
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(See also 'anchorfind', 'findlen', 'wrapscan', 'ignorecase', 'smartcase', 'ignoredia', and 'smartdia' options and 'Searching Files' section)
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search (default '/')
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search-back (default '?')
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search-next (default 'n')
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search-prev (default 'N')
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Read a pattern to search for a file name match in the forward/backward direction and jump to the next/previous match.
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(See also 'globsearch', 'incsearch', 'wrapscan', 'ignorecase', 'smartcase', 'ignoredia', and 'smartdia' options and 'Searching Files' section)
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mark-save (modal) (default 'm')
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Save the current directory as a bookmark assigned to the given key.
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mark-load (modal) (default "'")
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Change the current directory to the bookmark assigned to the given key.
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A special bookmark "'" holds the previous directory after a 'mark-load', 'cd', or 'select' command.
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mark-remove (modal) (default `"`)
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Remove a bookmark assigned to the given key.
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Command Line Commands
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This section shows information about command line commands.
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These should be mostly compatible with readline keybindings.
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A character refers to a unicode code point, a word consists of letters and digits, and a unix word consists of any non-blank characters.
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cmd-escape (default '<esc>')
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Quit command line mode and return to normal mode.
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cmd-complete (default '<tab>')
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Autocomplete the current word.
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cmd-enter (default '<c-j>' and '<enter>')
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Execute the current line.
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cmd-interrupt (default '<c-c>')
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Interrupt the current shell-pipe command and return to the normal mode.
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cmd-history-next (default '<c-n>')
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cmd-history-prev (default '<c-p>')
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Go to next/previous item in the history.
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cmd-left (default '<c-b>' and '<left>')
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cmd-right (default '<c-f>' and '<right>')
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Move the cursor to the left/right.
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cmd-home (default '<c-a>' and '<home>')
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cmd-end (default '<c-e>' and '<end>')
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Move the cursor to the beginning/end of line.
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cmd-delete (default '<c-d>' and '<delete>')
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cmd-delete-back (default '<backspace>' and '<backspace2>')
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Delete the next character in forward/backward direction.
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cmd-delete-home (default '<c-u>')
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cmd-delete-end (default '<c-k>')
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Delete everything up to the beginning/end of line.
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cmd-delete-unix-word (default '<c-w>')
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Delete the previous unix word.
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cmd-yank (default '<c-y>')
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Paste the buffer content containing the last deleted item.
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cmd-transpose (default '<c-t>')
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cmd-transpose-word (default '<a-t>')
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Transpose the positions of last two characters/words.
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cmd-word (default '<a-f>')
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cmd-word-back (default '<a-b>')
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Move the cursor by one word in forward/backward direction.
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cmd-delete-word (default '<a-d>')
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Delete the next word in forward direction.
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cmd-capitalize-word (default '<a-c>')
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cmd-uppercase-word (default '<a-u>')
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cmd-lowercase-word (default '<a-l>')
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Capitalize/uppercase/lowercase the current word and jump to the next word.
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Options
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This section shows information about options to customize the behavior.
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Character ':' is used as the separator for list options '[]int' and '[]string'.
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anchorfind bool (default on)
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When this option is enabled, find command starts matching patterns from the beginning of file names, otherwise, it can match at an arbitrary position.
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dircounts bool (default off)
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When this option is enabled, directory sizes show the number of items inside instead of the size of directory file.
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The former needs to be calculated by reading the directory and counting the items inside.
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The latter is directly provided by the operating system and it does not require any calculation, though it is non-intuitive and it can often be misleading.
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This option is disabled by default for performance reasons.
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This option only has an effect when 'info' has a 'size' field and the pane is wide enough to show the information.
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A thousand items are counted per directory at most, and bigger directories are shown as '999+'.
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dirfirst bool (default on)
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Show directories first above regular files.
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drawbox bool (default off)
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Draw boxes around panes with box drawing characters.
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errorfmt string (default "\033[7;31;47m%s\033[0m")
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Format string of error messages shown in the bottom message line.
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filesep string (default "\n")
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File separator used in environment variables 'fs' and 'fx'.
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findlen int (default 1)
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Number of characters prompted for the find command.
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When this value is set to 0, find command prompts until there is only a single match left.
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globsearch bool (default off)
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When this option is enabled, search command patterns are considered as globs, otherwise they are literals.
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With globbing, '*' matches any sequence, '?' matches any character, and '[...]' or '[^...] matches character sets or ranges.
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Otherwise, these characters are interpreted as they are.
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hidden bool (default off)
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Show hidden files.
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On unix systems, hidden files are determined by the value of 'hiddenfiles'.
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On windows, only files with hidden attributes are considered hidden files.
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hiddenfiles []string (default '.*')
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List of hidden file glob patterns.
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Patterns can be given as relative or absolute paths.
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Globbing supports the usual special characters, '*' to match any sequence, '?' to match any character, and '[...]' or '[^...] to match character sets or ranges.
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In addition, if a pattern starts with '!', then its matches are excluded from hidden files.
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icons bool (default off)
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Show icons before each item in the list.
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By default, only two icons, 🗀 (U+1F5C0) and 🗎 (U+1F5CE), are used for directories and files respectively, as they are supported in the unicode standard.
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Icons can be configured with an environment variable named 'LF_ICONS'.
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The syntax of this variable is similar to 'LS_COLORS'.
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See the wiki page for an example icon configuration.
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ifs string (default '')
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Sets 'IFS' variable in shell commands.
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It works by adding the assignment to the beginning of the command string as 'IFS='...'; ...'.
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The reason is that 'IFS' variable is not inherited by the shell for security reasons.
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This method assumes a POSIX shell syntax and so it can fail for non-POSIX shells.
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This option has no effect when the value is left empty.
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This option does not have any effect on windows.
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ignorecase bool (default on)
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Ignore case in search patterns.
|
|
|
|
ignoredia bool (default off)
|
|
|
|
Ignore diacritics in search patterns.
|
|
|
|
incsearch bool (default off)
|
|
|
|
Jump to the first match after each keystroke during searching.
|
|
|
|
info []string (default '')
|
|
|
|
List of information shown for directory items at the right side of pane.
|
|
Currently supported information types are 'size', 'time', 'atime', and 'ctime'.
|
|
Information is only shown when the pane width is more than twice the width of information.
|
|
|
|
number bool (default off)
|
|
|
|
Show the position number for directory items at the left side of pane.
|
|
When 'relativenumber' is enabled, only the current line shows the absolute position and relative positions are shown for the rest.
|
|
|
|
period int (default 0)
|
|
|
|
Set the interval in seconds for periodic checks of directory updates.
|
|
This works by periodically calling the 'load' command.
|
|
Note that directories are already updated automatically in many cases.
|
|
This option can be useful when there is an external process changing the displayed directory and you are not doing anything in lf.
|
|
Periodic checks are disabled when the value of this option is set to zero.
|
|
|
|
preview bool (default on)
|
|
|
|
Show previews of files and directories at the right most pane.
|
|
If the file has more lines than the preview pane, rest of the lines are not read.
|
|
Files containing the null character (U+0000) in the read portion are considered binary files and displayed as 'binary'.
|
|
|
|
previewer string (default '') (not filtered if empty)
|
|
|
|
Set the path of a previewer file to filter the content of regular files for previewing.
|
|
The file should be executable.
|
|
Two arguments are passed to the file, first is the current file name, and second is the height of preview pane.
|
|
SIGPIPE signal is sent when enough lines are read.
|
|
Preview filtering is disabled and files are displayed as they are when the value of this option is left empty.
|
|
|
|
promptfmt string (default "\033[32;1m%u@%h\033[0m:\033[34;1m%w/\033[0m\033[1m%f\033[0m")
|
|
|
|
Format string of the prompt shown in the top line.
|
|
Special expansions are provided, '%u' as the user name, '%h' as the host name, '%w' as the working directory, and '%f' as the file name.
|
|
Home folder is shown as '~' in the working directory expansion.
|
|
Directory names are automatically shortened to a single character starting from the left most parent when the prompt does not fit to the screen.
|
|
|
|
ratios []int (default '1:2:3')
|
|
|
|
List of ratios of pane widths.
|
|
Number of items in the list determines the number of panes in the ui.
|
|
When 'preview' option is enabled, the right most number is used for the width of preview pane.
|
|
|
|
relativenumber bool (default off)
|
|
|
|
Show the position number relative to the current line.
|
|
When 'number' is enabled, current line shows the absolute position, otherwise nothing is shown.
|
|
|
|
reverse bool (default off)
|
|
|
|
Reverse the direction of sort.
|
|
|
|
scrolloff int (default 0)
|
|
|
|
Minimum number of offset lines shown at all times in the top and the bottom of the screen when scrolling.
|
|
The current line is kept in the middle when this option is set to a large value that is bigger than the half of number of lines.
|
|
A smaller offset can be used when the current file is close to the beginning or end of the list to show the maximum number of items.
|
|
|
|
shell string (default 'sh' for unix and 'cmd' for windows)
|
|
|
|
Shell executable to use for shell commands.
|
|
Shell commands are executed as 'shell shellopts -c command -- arguments'.
|
|
On windows, '/c' is used instead of '-c' which should work in 'cmd' and 'powershell'.
|
|
|
|
shellopts []string (default '')
|
|
|
|
List of shell options to pass to the shell executable.
|
|
|
|
smartcase bool (default on)
|
|
|
|
Override 'ignorecase' option when the pattern contains an uppercase character.
|
|
This option has no effect when 'ignorecase' is disabled.
|
|
|
|
smartdia bool (default off)
|
|
|
|
Override 'ignoredia' option when the pattern contains a character with diacritic.
|
|
This option has no effect when 'ignoredia' is disabled.
|
|
|
|
sortby string (default 'natural')
|
|
|
|
Sort type for directories.
|
|
Currently supported sort types are 'natural', 'name', 'size', 'time', 'ctime', 'atime', and 'ext'.
|
|
|
|
tabstop int (default 8)
|
|
|
|
Number of space characters to show for horizontal tabulation (U+0009) character.
|
|
|
|
timefmt string (default 'Mon Jan _2 15:04:05 2006')
|
|
|
|
Format string of the file modification time shown in the bottom line.
|
|
|
|
truncatechar string (default '~')
|
|
|
|
Truncate character shown at the end when the file name does not fit to the pane.
|
|
|
|
wrapscan bool (default on)
|
|
|
|
Searching can wrap around the file list.
|
|
|
|
wrapscroll bool (default off)
|
|
|
|
Scrolling can wrap around the file list.
|
|
|
|
Environment Variables
|
|
|
|
The following variables are exported for shell commands:
|
|
These are referred with a '$' prefix on POSIX shells (e.g. '$f'), between '%' characters on Windows cmd (e.g. '%f%'), and with a '$env:' prefix on Windows powershell (e.g. '$env:f').
|
|
|
|
f
|
|
|
|
Current file selection as a full path.
|
|
|
|
fs
|
|
|
|
Selected file(s) separated with the value of 'filesep' option as full path(s).
|
|
|
|
fx
|
|
|
|
Selected file(s) (i.e. 'fs') if there are any selected files, otherwise current file selection (i.e. 'f').
|
|
|
|
id
|
|
|
|
Id of the running client.
|
|
|
|
LF_LEVEL
|
|
|
|
The value of this variable is set to the current nesting level when you run lf from a shell spawned inside lf.
|
|
You can add the value of this variable to your shell prompt to make it clear that your shell runs inside lf.
|
|
For example, with POSIX shells, you can use '[ -n "$LF_LEVEL" ] && PS1="$PS1""(lf level: $LF_LEVEL) "' in your shell configuration file (e.g. '~/.bashrc').
|
|
|
|
OPENER
|
|
|
|
If this variable is set in the environment, use the same value, otherwise set the value to 'start' in Windows, 'open' in MacOS, 'xdg-open' in others.
|
|
|
|
EDITOR
|
|
|
|
If this variable is set in the environment, use the same value, otherwise set the value to 'vi' on unix, 'notepad' in Windows.
|
|
|
|
PAGER
|
|
|
|
If this variable is set in the environment, use the same value, otherwise set the value to 'less' on unix, 'more' in Windows.
|
|
|
|
SHELL
|
|
|
|
If this variable is set in the environment, use the same value, otherwise set the value to 'sh' on unix, 'cmd' in Windows.
|
|
|
|
Prefixes
|
|
|
|
The following command prefixes are used by lf:
|
|
|
|
: read (default) builtin/custom command
|
|
$ shell shell command
|
|
% shell-pipe shell command running with the ui
|
|
! shell-wait shell command waiting for key press
|
|
& shell-async shell command running asynchronously
|
|
|
|
The same evaluator is used for the command line and the configuration file for
|
|
read and shell commands. The difference is that prefixes are not necessary in
|
|
the command line. Instead, different modes are provided to read corresponding
|
|
commands. These modes are mapped to the prefix keys above by default.
|
|
|
|
Syntax
|
|
|
|
Characters from '#' to newline are comments and ignored:
|
|
|
|
# comments start with '#'
|
|
|
|
There are three special commands ('set', 'map', and 'cmd') and their variants
|
|
for configuration.
|
|
|
|
Command 'set' is used to set an option which can be boolean, integer, or
|
|
string:
|
|
|
|
set hidden # boolean on
|
|
set nohidden # boolean off
|
|
set hidden! # boolean toggle
|
|
set scrolloff 10 # integer value
|
|
set sortby time # string value w/o quotes
|
|
set sortby 'time' # string value with single quotes (whitespaces)
|
|
set sortby "time" # string value with double quotes (backslash escapes)
|
|
|
|
Command 'map' is used to bind a key to a command which can be builtin command,
|
|
custom command, or shell command:
|
|
|
|
map gh cd ~ # builtin command
|
|
map D trash # custom command
|
|
map i $less $f # shell command
|
|
map U !du -sh # waiting shell command
|
|
|
|
Command 'cmap' is used to bind a key to a command line command which can only
|
|
be one of the builtin commands:
|
|
|
|
cmap <c-g> cmd-escape
|
|
|
|
You can delete an existing binding by leaving the expression empty:
|
|
|
|
map gh # deletes 'gh' mapping
|
|
cmap <c-g> # deletes '<c-g>' mapping
|
|
|
|
Command 'cmd' is used to define a custom command:
|
|
|
|
cmd usage $du -h -d1 | less
|
|
|
|
You can delete an existing command by leaving the expression empty:
|
|
|
|
cmd trash # deletes 'trash' command
|
|
|
|
If there is no prefix then ':' is assumed:
|
|
|
|
map zt set info time
|
|
|
|
An explicit ':' can be provided to group statements until a newline which is
|
|
especially useful for 'map' and 'cmd' commands:
|
|
|
|
map st :set sortby time; set info time
|
|
|
|
If you need multiline you can wrap statements in '{{' and '}}' after the proper
|
|
prefix.
|
|
|
|
map st :{{
|
|
set sortby time
|
|
set info time
|
|
}}
|
|
|
|
Key Mappings
|
|
|
|
Regular keys are assigned to a command with the usual syntax:
|
|
|
|
map a down
|
|
|
|
Keys combined with the shift key simply use the uppercase letter:
|
|
|
|
map A down
|
|
|
|
Special keys are written in between '<' and '>' characters and always use
|
|
lowercase letters:
|
|
|
|
map <enter> down
|
|
|
|
Angle brackets can be assigned with their special names:
|
|
|
|
map <lt> down
|
|
map <gt> down
|
|
|
|
Function keys are prefixed with 'f' character:
|
|
|
|
map <f-1> down
|
|
|
|
Keys combined with the control key are prefixed with 'c' character:
|
|
|
|
map <c-a> down
|
|
|
|
Keys combined with the alt key are assigned in two different ways depending on
|
|
the behavior of your terminal. Older terminals (e.g. xterm) may set the 8th bit
|
|
of a character when the alt key is pressed. On these terminals, you can use the
|
|
corresponding byte for the mapping:
|
|
|
|
map á down
|
|
|
|
Newer terminals (e.g. gnome-terminal) may prefix the key with an escape key
|
|
when the alt key is pressed. lf uses the escape delaying mechanism to recognize
|
|
alt keys in these terminals (delay is 100ms). On these terminals, keys combined
|
|
with the alt key are prefixed with 'a' character:
|
|
|
|
map <a-a> down
|
|
|
|
Please note that, some key combinations are not possible due to the way
|
|
terminals work (e.g. control and h combination sends a backspace key instead).
|
|
The easiest way to find the name of a key combination is to press the key while
|
|
lf is running and read the name of the key from the unknown mapping error.
|
|
|
|
Push Mappings
|
|
|
|
The usual way to map a key sequence is to assign it to a named or unnamed
|
|
command. While this provides a clean way to remap builtin keys as well as other
|
|
commands, it can be limiting at times. For this reason 'push' command is
|
|
provided by lf. This command is used to simulate key pushes given as its
|
|
arguments. You can 'map' a key to a 'push' command with an argument to create
|
|
various keybindings.
|
|
|
|
This is mainly useful for two purposes. First, it can be used to map a command
|
|
with a command count:
|
|
|
|
map <c-j> push 10j
|
|
|
|
Second, it can be used to avoid typing the name when a command takes arguments:
|
|
|
|
map r push :rename<space>
|
|
|
|
One thing to be careful is that since 'push' command works with keys instead of
|
|
commands it is possible to accidentally create recursive bindings:
|
|
|
|
map j push 2j
|
|
|
|
These types of bindings create a deadlock when executed.
|
|
|
|
Shell Commands
|
|
|
|
Regular shell commands are the most basic command type that is useful for many
|
|
purposes. For example, we can write a shell command to move selected file(s) to
|
|
trash. A first attempt to write such a command may look like this:
|
|
|
|
cmd trash ${{
|
|
mkdir -p ~/.trash
|
|
if [ -z "$fs" ]; then
|
|
mv "$f" ~/.trash
|
|
else
|
|
IFS="`printf '\n\t'`"; mv $fs ~/.trash
|
|
fi
|
|
}}
|
|
|
|
We check '$fs' to see if there are any selected files. Otherwise we just delete
|
|
the current file. Since this is such a common pattern, a separate '$fx'
|
|
variable is provided. We can use this variable to get rid of the conditional:
|
|
|
|
cmd trash ${{
|
|
mkdir -p ~/.trash
|
|
IFS="`printf '\n\t'`"; mv $fx ~/.trash
|
|
}}
|
|
|
|
The trash directory is checked each time the command is executed. We can move
|
|
it outside of the command so it would only run once at startup:
|
|
|
|
${{ mkdir -p ~/.trash }}
|
|
|
|
cmd trash ${{ IFS="`printf '\n\t'`"; mv $fx ~/.trash }}
|
|
|
|
Since these are one liners, we can drop '{{' and '}}':
|
|
|
|
$mkdir -p ~/.trash
|
|
|
|
cmd trash $IFS="`printf '\n\t'`"; mv $fx ~/.trash
|
|
|
|
Finally note that we set 'IFS' variable manually in these commands. Instead we
|
|
could use the 'ifs' option to set it for all shell commands (i.e. 'set ifs
|
|
"\n"'). This can be especially useful for interactive use (e.g. '$rm $f' or
|
|
'$rm $fs' would simply work). This option is not set by default as it can
|
|
behave unexpectedly for new users. However, use of this option is highly
|
|
recommended and it is assumed in the rest of the documentation.
|
|
|
|
Piping Shell Commands
|
|
|
|
Regular shell commands have some limitations in some cases. When an output or
|
|
error message is given and the command exits afterwards, the ui is immediately
|
|
resumed and there is no way to see the message without dropping to shell again.
|
|
Also, even when there is no output or error, the ui still needs to be paused
|
|
while the command is running. This can cause flickering on the screen for short
|
|
commands and similar distractions for longer commands.
|
|
|
|
Instead of pausing the ui, piping shell commands connects stdin, stdout, and
|
|
stderr of the command to the statline in the bottom of the ui. This can be
|
|
useful for programs following the unix philosophy to give no output in the
|
|
success case, and brief error messages or prompts in other cases.
|
|
|
|
For example, following rename command prompts for overwrite in the statline if
|
|
there is an existing file with the given name:
|
|
|
|
cmd rename %mv -i $f $1
|
|
|
|
You can also output error messages in the command and it will show up in the
|
|
statline. For example, an alternative rename command may look like this:
|
|
|
|
cmd rename %[ -e $1 ] && printf "file exists" || mv $f $1
|
|
|
|
One thing to be careful is that although input is still line buffered, output
|
|
and error are byte buffered and verbose commands will be very slow to display.
|
|
|
|
Waiting Shell Commands
|
|
|
|
Waiting shell commands are similar to regular shell commands except that they
|
|
wait for a key press when the command is finished. These can be useful to see
|
|
the output of a program before the ui is resumed. Waiting shell commands are
|
|
more appropriate than piping shell commands when the command is verbose and the
|
|
output is best displayed as multiline.
|
|
|
|
Asynchronous Shell Commands
|
|
|
|
Asynchronous shell commands are used to start a command in the background and
|
|
then resume operation without waiting for the command to finish. Stdin, stdout,
|
|
and stderr of the command is neither connected to the terminal nor to the ui.
|
|
|
|
Remote Commands
|
|
|
|
One of the more advanced features in lf is remote commands. All clients connect
|
|
to a server on startup. It is possible to send commands to all or any of the
|
|
connected clients over the common server. This is used internally to notify
|
|
file selection changes to other clients.
|
|
|
|
To use this feature, you need to use a client which supports communicating with
|
|
a UNIX-domain socket. OpenBSD implementation of netcat (nc) is one such
|
|
example. You can use it to send a command to the socket file:
|
|
|
|
echo 'send echo hello world' | nc -U /tmp/lf.${USER}.sock
|
|
|
|
Since such a client may not be available everywhere, lf comes bundled with a
|
|
command line flag to be used as such. When using lf, you do not need to specify
|
|
the address of the socket file. This is the recommended way of using remote
|
|
commands since it is shorter and immune to socket file address changes:
|
|
|
|
lf -remote 'send echo hello world'
|
|
|
|
In this command 'send' is used to send the rest of the string as a command to
|
|
all connected clients. You can optionally give it an id number to send a
|
|
command to a single client:
|
|
|
|
lf -remote 'send 1000 echo hello world'
|
|
|
|
All clients have a unique id number but you may not be aware of the id number
|
|
when you are writing a command. For this purpose, an '$id' variable is exported
|
|
to the environment for shell commands. You can use it to send a remote command
|
|
from a client to the server which in return sends a command back to itself. So
|
|
now you can display a message in the current client by calling the following in
|
|
a shell command:
|
|
|
|
lf -remote "send $id echo hello world"
|
|
|
|
Since lf does not have control flow syntax, remote commands are used for such
|
|
needs. For example, you can configure the number of columns in the ui with
|
|
respect to the terminal width as follows:
|
|
|
|
cmd recol %{{
|
|
w=$(tput cols)
|
|
if [ $w -le 80 ]; then
|
|
lf -remote "send $id set ratios 1:2"
|
|
elif [ $w -le 160 ]; then
|
|
lf -remote "send $id set ratios 1:2:3"
|
|
else
|
|
lf -remote "send $id set ratios 1:2:3:5"
|
|
fi
|
|
}}
|
|
|
|
Besides 'send' command, there are also two commands to get or set the current
|
|
file selection. Two possible modes 'copy' and 'move' specify whether selected
|
|
files are to be copied or moved. File names are separated by newline character.
|
|
Setting the file selection is done with 'save' command:
|
|
|
|
lf -remote "$(printf 'save\ncopy\nfoo.txt\nbar.txt\nbaz.txt\n')"
|
|
|
|
Getting the file selection is similarly done with 'load' command:
|
|
|
|
load=$(lf -remote 'load')
|
|
mode=$(echo "$load" | sed -n '1p')
|
|
list=$(echo "$load" | sed '1d')
|
|
if [ $mode = 'copy' ]; then
|
|
# do something with $list
|
|
elif [ $mode = 'move' ]; then
|
|
# do something else with $list
|
|
fi
|
|
|
|
There is a 'quit' command to close client connections and quit the server:
|
|
|
|
lf -remote 'quit'
|
|
|
|
Lastly, there is a 'conn' command to connect the server as a client. This
|
|
should not be needed for users.
|
|
|
|
File Operations
|
|
|
|
lf uses its own builtin copy and move operations by default. These are
|
|
implemented as asynchronous operations and progress is shown in the bottom
|
|
ruler. These commands do not overwrite existing files or directories with the
|
|
same name. Instead, a suffix that is compatible with '--backup=numbered' option
|
|
in GNU cp is added to the new files or directories. Only file modes are
|
|
preserved and all other attributes are ignored including ownership, timestamps,
|
|
context, links, and xattr. Special files such as character and block devices,
|
|
named pipes, and sockets are skipped and links are followed. Moving is
|
|
performed using the rename operation of the underlying OS. For cross-device
|
|
moving, lf falls back to copying and then deletes the original files if there
|
|
are no errors. Operation errors are shown in the message line as well as the
|
|
log file and they do not preemptively finish the corresponding file operation.
|
|
|
|
File operations can be performed on the current selected file or alternatively
|
|
on multiple files by selecting them first. When you 'copy' a file, lf doesn't
|
|
actually copy the file on the disk, but only records its name to memory. The
|
|
actual file copying takes place when you 'paste'. Similarly 'paste' after a
|
|
'cut' operation moves the file.
|
|
|
|
You can customize copy and move operations by defining a 'paste' command. This
|
|
is a special command that is called when it is defined instead of the builtin
|
|
implementation. You can use the following example as a starting point:
|
|
|
|
cmd paste %{{
|
|
load=$(lf -remote 'load')
|
|
mode=$(echo "$load" | sed -n '1p')
|
|
list=$(echo "$load" | sed '1d')
|
|
if [ $mode = 'copy' ]; then
|
|
cp -R $list .
|
|
elif [ $mode = 'move' ]; then
|
|
mv $list .
|
|
fi
|
|
lf -remote 'send load'
|
|
lf -remote 'send clear'
|
|
}}
|
|
|
|
Some useful things to be considered are to use the backup ('--backup') and/or
|
|
preserve attributes ('-a') options with 'cp' and 'mv' commands if they support
|
|
it (i.e. GNU implementation), change the command type to asynchronous, or use
|
|
'rsync' command with progress bar option for copying and feed the progress to
|
|
the client periodically with remote 'echo' calls.
|
|
|
|
By default, lf does not assign 'delete' command to a key to protect new users.
|
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You can customize file deletion by defining a 'delete' command. You can also
|
|
assign a key to this command if you like. An example command to move selected
|
|
files to a trash folder and remove files completely after a prompt are provided
|
|
in the example configuration file.
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|
|
|
Searching Files
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|
|
|
There are two mechanisms implemented in lf to search a file in the current
|
|
directory. Searching is the traditional method to move the selection to a file
|
|
matching a given pattern. Finding is an alternative way to search for a pattern
|
|
possibly using fewer keystrokes.
|
|
|
|
Searching mechanism is implemented with commands 'search' (default '/'),
|
|
'search-back' (default '?'), 'search-next' (default 'n'), and 'search-prev'
|
|
(default 'N'). You can enable 'globsearch' option to match with a glob pattern.
|
|
Globbing supports '*' to match any sequence, '?' to match any character, and
|
|
'[...]' or '[^...] to match character sets or ranges. You can enable
|
|
'incsearch' option to jump to the current match at each keystroke while typing.
|
|
In this mode, you can either use 'cmd-enter' to accept the search or use
|
|
'cmd-escape' to cancel the search. Alternatively, you can also map some other
|
|
commands with 'cmap' to accept the search and execute the command immediately
|
|
afterwards. Possible candidates are 'up', 'down' and their variants, 'updir',
|
|
and 'open' commands. For example, you can use arrow keys to finish the search
|
|
with the following mappings:
|
|
|
|
cmap <up> up
|
|
cmap <down> down
|
|
cmap <left> updir
|
|
cmap <right> open
|
|
|
|
Finding mechanism is implemented with commands 'find' (default 'f'),
|
|
'find-back' (default 'F'), 'find-next' (default ';'), 'find-prev' (default
|
|
','). You can disable 'anchorfind' option to match a pattern at an arbitrary
|
|
position in the filename instead of the beginning. You can set the number of
|
|
keys to match using 'findlen' option. If you set this value to zero, then the
|
|
the keys are read until there is only a single match. Default values of these
|
|
two options are set to jump to the first file with the given initial.
|
|
|
|
Some options effect both searching and finding. You can disable 'wrapscan'
|
|
option to prevent searches to wrap around at the end of the file list. You can
|
|
disable 'ignorecase' option to match cases in the pattern and the filename.
|
|
This option is already automatically overridden if the pattern contains upper
|
|
case characters. You can disable 'smartcase' option to disable this behavior.
|
|
Two similar options 'ignoredia' and 'smartdia' are provided to control matching
|
|
diacritics in latin letters.
|
|
|
|
Opening Files
|
|
|
|
You can define a an 'open' command (default 'l' and '<right>') to configure
|
|
file opening. This command is only called when the current file is not a
|
|
directory, otherwise the directory is entered instead. You can define it just
|
|
as you would define any other command:
|
|
|
|
cmd open $vi $fx
|
|
|
|
It is possible to use different command types:
|
|
|
|
cmd open &xdg-open $f
|
|
|
|
You may want to use either file extensions or mime types from 'file' command:
|
|
|
|
cmd open ${{
|
|
case $(file --mime-type $f -b) in
|
|
text/*) vi $fx;;
|
|
*) for f in $fx; do xdg-open $f > /dev/null 2> /dev/null & done;;
|
|
esac
|
|
}}
|
|
|
|
You may want to use 'setsid' before your opener command to have persistent
|
|
processes that continue to run after lf quits.
|
|
|
|
Following command is provided by default:
|
|
|
|
cmd open &$OPENER $f
|
|
|
|
You may also use any other existing file openers as you like. Possible options
|
|
are 'libfile-mimeinfo-perl' (executable name is 'mimeopen'), 'rifle' (ranger's
|
|
default file opener), or 'mimeo' to name a few.
|
|
|
|
Previewing Files
|
|
|
|
lf previews files on the preview pane by printing the file until the end or the
|
|
preview pane is filled. This output can be enhanced by providing a custom
|
|
preview script for filtering. This can be used to highlight source codes, list
|
|
contents of archive files or view pdf or image files as text to name few. For
|
|
coloring lf recognizes ansi escape codes.
|
|
|
|
In order to use this feature you need to set the value of 'previewer' option to
|
|
the path of an executable file. lf passes the current file name as the first
|
|
argument and the height of the preview pane as the second argument when running
|
|
this file. Output of the execution is printed in the preview pane. You may want
|
|
to use the same script in your pager mapping as well if any:
|
|
|
|
set previewer ~/.config/lf/pv.sh
|
|
map i $~/.config/lf/pv.sh $f | less -R
|
|
|
|
Since this script is called for each file selection change it needs to be as
|
|
efficient as possible and this responsibility is left to the user. You may use
|
|
file extensions to determine the type of file more efficiently compared to
|
|
obtaining mime types from 'file' command. Extensions can then be used to match
|
|
cleanly within a conditional:
|
|
|
|
#!/bin/sh
|
|
|
|
case "$1" in
|
|
*.tar*) tar tf "$1";;
|
|
*.zip) unzip -l "$1";;
|
|
*.rar) unrar l "$1";;
|
|
*.7z) 7z l "$1";;
|
|
*.pdf) pdftotext "$1" -;;
|
|
*) highlight -O ansi "$1" || cat "$1";;
|
|
esac
|
|
|
|
Another important consideration for efficiency is the use of programs with
|
|
short startup times for preview. For this reason, 'highlight' is recommended
|
|
over 'pygmentize' for syntax highlighting. Besides, it is also important that
|
|
the application is processing the file on the fly rather than first reading it
|
|
to the memory and then do the processing afterwards. This is especially
|
|
relevant for big files. lf automatically closes the previewer script output
|
|
pipe with a SIGPIPE when enough lines are read. When everything else fails, you
|
|
can make use of the height argument to only feed the first portion of the file
|
|
to a program for preview.
|
|
|
|
Changing Directory
|
|
|
|
lf changes the working directory of the process to the current directory so
|
|
that shell commands always work in the displayed directory. After quitting, it
|
|
returns to the original directory where it is first launched like all shell
|
|
programs. If you want to stay in the current directory after quitting, you can
|
|
use one of the example wrapper shell scripts provided in the repository.
|
|
|
|
There is a special command 'on-cd' that runs a shell command when it is defined
|
|
and the directory is changed. You can define it just as you would define any
|
|
other command:
|
|
|
|
cmd on-cd &{{
|
|
# display git repository status in your prompt
|
|
source /usr/share/git/completion/git-prompt.sh
|
|
GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE=auto
|
|
GIT_PS1_SHOWSTASHSTATE=auto
|
|
GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES=auto
|
|
GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM=auto
|
|
git=$(__git_ps1 " (%s)") || true
|
|
fmt="\033[32;1m%u@%h\033[0m:\033[34;1m%w\033[0m\033[1m%f$git\033[0m"
|
|
lf -remote "send $id set promptfmt \"$fmt\""
|
|
}}
|
|
|
|
This command runs whenever you change directory but not on startup. You can add
|
|
an extra call to make it run on startup as well:
|
|
|
|
cmd on-cd &{{ # ... }}
|
|
on-cd
|
|
|
|
Note that all shell commands are possible but `%` and `&` are usually more
|
|
appropriate as `$` and `!` causes flickers and pauses respectively.
|
|
|
|
Colorschemes
|
|
|
|
lf tries to automatically adapt its colors to the environment. On startup,
|
|
first '$LS_COLORS' environment variable is checked. This variable is used by
|
|
GNU ls to configure its colors based on file types and extensions. The value of
|
|
this variable is often set by GNU dircolors in a shell configuration file.
|
|
dircolors program itself can be configured with a configuration file. dircolors
|
|
supports 256 colors along with common attributes such as bold and underline.
|
|
|
|
If '$LS_COLORS' variable is not set, '$LSCOLORS' variable is checked instead.
|
|
This variable is used by ls programs on unix systems such as Mac and BSDs. This
|
|
variable has a simple syntax and supports 8 colors and bold attribute.
|
|
|
|
If both of these environment variables are not set, then lf fallbacks to its
|
|
default colorscheme. Default lf colors are taken from GNU dircolors defaults.
|
|
These defaults use 8 basic colors and bold attribute.
|
|
|
|
It is worth noting that lf uses as many colors are advertised by your terminal's
|
|
entry in your systems terminfo or infocmp database, if this is not present lf
|
|
will default to an internal database. For terminals supporting 24-bit (or
|
|
"true") color that do not have a database entry (or one that does not advertise
|
|
all capabilities), support can be enabled by either setting the '$COLORTERM'
|
|
variable to "truecolor" or ensuring '$TERM' is set to a value that ends with
|
|
"-truecolor".
|
|
|
|
Keeping this in mind, you can configure lf colors in two different ways. First,
|
|
you can configure 8 basic colors used by your terminal and lf should pick up
|
|
those colors automatically. Depending on your terminal, you should be able to
|
|
select your colors from a 24-bit palette. This is the recommended approach as
|
|
colors used by other programs will also match each other.
|
|
|
|
Second, you can set the values of environmental variables mentioned above for
|
|
fine grained customization. This is useful to change colors used for different
|
|
file types and extensions. '$LS_COLORS' is more powerful than '$LSCOLORS' and it
|
|
can be used even when GNU programs are not installed on the system. You can
|
|
combine this second method with the first method for best results. lf can also
|
|
be configured to ignore your terminal theme and output colors "as they were
|
|
intended" by translating all numbered colors into a 24-bit output that matches
|
|
the description; this can be enabled by setting the environment variable
|
|
'$TCELL_TRUECOLOR' to "on" (or any text except ""/nothing or "disable").
|
|
|
|
Lastly, you may also want to configure the colors of the prompt line to match
|
|
the rest of the colors. Colors of the prompt line can be configured using the
|
|
'promptfmt' option which can include hardcoded colors as ansi escapes. See the
|
|
default value of this option to have an idea about how to color this line.
|
|
*/
|
|
package main
|